Seerat un Nabi ﷺ
Born 570 CE in Makkah · Passed away 632 CE in Madinah · Age 63
مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ ٱللَّٰهِ
Forty years in Makkah before prophethood, thirteen years of da'wah in Makkah, and ten years building the community in Madinah — a mercy to all the worlds.
Timeline
570 CE
Birth in Makkah
Born on 12 Rabi' al-Awwal in the Year of the Elephant to Abdullah ibn Abdul Muttalib and Aminah bint Wahb, of the noble tribe of Quraysh, clan of Banu Hashim.
570–574 CE
Nursed by Halimah as-Sa'diyyah
Raised in the desert of Banu Sa'd, where his chest was opened and purified by the angels.
576 CE
Death of his mother
Aminah passes away at Abwa when he is six; he is raised by his grandfather Abdul Muttalib, and after two years by his uncle Abu Talib.
583 CE
Journey to Syria
Travels with Abu Talib; the monk Bahira recognises the signs of prophethood in him.
595 CE
Marriage to Khadijah رضي الله عنها
At the age of 25 he marries Khadijah bint Khuwaylid, then aged 40, after trading honestly on her behalf.
605 CE
Rebuilding the Ka'bah
He resolves the dispute over the Black Stone by placing it on a cloth for all clans to carry together — he is known as Al-Ameen, the Trustworthy.
610 CE
The First Revelation
In the cave of Hira, Jibreel عليه السلام brings the first five verses of Surah al-Alaq: اِقْرَأْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ.
613 CE
Public call to Islam
He calls the Quraysh openly from Mount Safa; persecution of the weak believers such as Bilal and the family of Yasir begins.
615 CE
Migration to Abyssinia
Companions migrate to the just Christian king An-Najashi to escape persecution; Ja'far ibn Abi Talib recites Surah Maryam to him.
616–619 CE
The Boycott of Shi'b Abi Talib
Banu Hashim are besieged for three years in the valley until the unjust document is eaten away by termites.
619 CE
The Year of Sorrow
Both Abu Talib and Khadijah رضي الله عنها pass away; he then travels to Ta'if and is driven out with stones, yet prays for its people.
621 CE
Isra & Mi'raj
The night journey to Masjid al-Aqsa and the ascension through the seven heavens; the five daily prayers are ordained.
622 CE
Hijrah to Madinah
Migration with Abu Bakr as-Siddiq رضي الله عنه via the cave of Thawr; the Islamic Hijri calendar begins from this year.
622 CE
Brotherhood & the Charter of Madinah
Masjid an-Nabawi is built, the Muhajirun and Ansar are paired in brotherhood, and a written constitution governs the city.
624 CE
Battle of Badr
313 Muslims are granted a decisive victory over about 1,000 Quraysh on 17 Ramadan.
625 CE
Battle of Uhud
A severe test after the archers left their post; Hamza ibn Abdul Muttalib and seventy companions are martyred.
627 CE
Battle of the Trench (Khandaq)
Madinah is defended by a trench dug on the advice of Salman al-Farsi رضي الله عنه; the confederates withdraw.
628 CE
Treaty of Hudaybiyyah
A ten-year truce that opens the doors of da'wah — the Qur'an calls it a clear victory (Fath Mubin).
629 CE
Letters to the kings & Umrah al-Qada
Letters are sent to Heraclius, Khosrow, the Negus and Muqawqis; the compensatory Umrah is performed.
630 CE
Conquest of Makkah
Makkah is entered peacefully with 10,000 companions; the Ka'bah is cleansed of 360 idols and a general amnesty is declared.
630 CE
Hunayn & Tabuk
Victory at Hunayn after an initial retreat, and the expedition to Tabuk against the Byzantine frontier.
632 CE
Farewell Hajj & Passing
The Farewell Sermon at Arafah before 124,000 companions, then he passes away on 12 Rabi' al-Awwal in Madinah at the age of 63, in the room of Aisha رضي الله عنها.
Blessed Names of the Prophet ﷺ
Every name and title of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ with its meaning
مُحَمَّد
Muhammad
The one who is repeatedly praised
أَحْمَد
Ahmad
The most praiseworthy of those who praise Allah
حَامِد
Hamid
The one who praises Allah abundantly
مَحْمُود
Mahmud
The praised one
الْمَاحِي
Al-Mahi
The eraser — through whom Allah erases disbelief
الْحَاشِر
Al-Hashir
The gatherer — people are gathered at his feet
الْعَاقِب
Al-Aqib
The last — no prophet comes after him
الْمُقَفِّي
Al-Muqaffi
The one who came after all the prophets
الْمُصْطَفَى
Al-Mustafa
The chosen one
الْمُجْتَبَى
Al-Mujtaba
The selected one
الْمُخْتَار
Al-Mukhtar
The preferred one
الْأَمِين
Al-Ameen
The trustworthy
الصَّادِق
As-Sadiq
The truthful
الْمَصْدُوق
Al-Masduq
The one who is believed and confirmed
الْحَبِيب
Al-Habib
The beloved of Allah
حَبِيبُ اللَّه
Habibullah
The beloved of Allah
خَلِيلُ اللَّه
Khalilullah
The intimate friend of Allah
صَفِيُّ اللَّه
Safiyyullah
The pure one chosen by Allah
نَجِيُّ اللَّه
Najiyyullah
The one honoured with intimate speech from Allah
عَبْدُ اللَّه
Abdullah
The servant of Allah
رَسُولُ اللَّه
Rasulullah
The Messenger of Allah
نَبِيُّ الرَّحْمَة
Nabi ar-Rahmah
The Prophet of mercy
نَبِيُّ التَّوْبَة
Nabi at-Tawbah
The Prophet of repentance
نَبِيُّ الْمَلْحَمَة
Nabi al-Malhamah
The Prophet of decisive struggle for the truth
رَحْمَةٌ لِلْعَالَمِين
Rahmatun lil-'Alamin
A mercy to all the worlds
خَاتَمُ النَّبِيِّين
Khatamun-Nabiyyin
The seal of the prophets
سَيِّدُ الْمُرْسَلِين
Sayyidul-Mursalin
The master of all messengers
إِمَامُ الْمُتَّقِين
Imamul-Muttaqin
The leader of the God-conscious
سَيِّدُ وَلَدِ آدَم
Sayyidu Waladi Adam
The master of the children of Adam
الشَّفِيع
Ash-Shafi'
The intercessor on the Day of Judgement
الشَّافِعُ الْمُشَفَّع
Ash-Shafi' al-Mushaffa'
The intercessor whose intercession is accepted
صَاحِبُ الْمَقَامِ الْمَحْمُود
Sahibul-Maqam al-Mahmud
The holder of the praised station on Judgement Day
صَاحِبُ الشَّفَاعَة
Sahibush-Shafa'ah
The owner of the great intercession
صَاحِبُ الْحَوْض
Sahibul-Hawd
The owner of the pool of Kawthar
صَاحِبُ اللِّوَاء
Sahibul-Liwa
The bearer of the banner of praise
صَاحِبُ التَّاج
Sahibut-Taj
The one honoured with the crown of honour
صَاحِبُ الْمِعْرَاج
Sahibul-Mi'raj
The one taken on the heavenly ascension
الْبَشِير
Al-Bashir
The bearer of glad tidings
النَّذِير
An-Nadhir
The warner
الدَّاعِي
Ad-Da'i
The one who calls people to Allah
السِّرَاجُ الْمُنِير
As-Sirajul-Munir
The illuminating lamp
الْمُنِير
Al-Munir
The one who gives light
الْمُبَشِّر
Al-Mubashshir
The giver of good news
الْمُنْذِر
Al-Mundhir
The one who warns of the Hereafter
الْمُذَكِّر
Al-Mudhakkir
The reminder of Allah's favours
الشَّهِيد
Ash-Shahid
The witness over the nations
الْمُبِين
Al-Mubin
The one who makes the truth clear
الْحَقّ
Al-Haqq
The one who came with the truth
الْمُتَوَكِّل
Al-Mutawakkil
The one who fully relies on Allah
الْمُطِيع
Al-Muti'
The perfectly obedient servant of Allah
الْمُزَّمِّل
Al-Muzzammil
The one wrapped in garments
الْمُدَّثِّر
Al-Muddaththir
The one covered in a cloak
طه
Ta-Ha
A name by which Allah addressed him in the Qur'an
يس
Ya-Sin
A name by which Allah addressed him in the Qur'an
الْعَرَبِيّ
Al-Arabi
The Arab Prophet, sent in the Arabic tongue
الْقُرَشِيّ
Al-Qurashi
Of the noble tribe of Quraysh
الْهَاشِمِيّ
Al-Hashimi
Of the clan of Banu Hashim
الْمَكِّيّ
Al-Makki
The one from Makkah
الْمَدَنِيّ
Al-Madani
The one of Madinah
الْأُمِّيّ
Al-Ummi
The unlettered one taught directly by Allah
طَيِّب
Tayyib
The pure and wholesome
الْمُطَهَّر
Al-Mutahhar
The purified one
الْمُكَرَّم
Al-Mukarram
The honoured one
الْمُعَظَّم
Al-Mu'azzam
The exalted one
الرَّءُوف
Ar-Ra'uf
The deeply compassionate
الرَّحِيم
Ar-Rahim
The merciful to the believers
الْمُزَكِّي
Al-Muzakki
The one who purifies souls
الْمُعَلِّم
Al-Mu'allim
The teacher of the Book and wisdom
الْفَاتِح
Al-Fatih
The opener — of guidance and of hearts
الْخَاتِم
Al-Khatim
The one who closed prophethood
الْقَاسِم
Al-Qasim
The distributor of Allah's bounty
أَبُو الْقَاسِم
Abul-Qasim
Father of Qasim — his kunyah
Family & Companions — Age Chart
The Messenger of Allah
Father — passed away before his birth
Mother
Grandfather and first guardian
Uncle and protector in Makkah
Uncle — the Lion of Allah, martyred at Uhud
Wife — the first believer
Wife — the first he married after Khadijah
Wife — narrator of 2,210 hadith
Wife — keeper of the first mushaf
Wife — Umm al-Masakin, the mother of the poor
Wife — cousin of the Prophet ﷺ
Wife — of Banu Mustaliq
Wife — migrated to Abyssinia
Wife — of the lineage of Harun عليه السلام
Wife — the last he married
Mother of his son Ibrahim
Wife — the wise counsellor at Hudaybiyyah
Daughter — leader of the women of Paradise
Daughter — the eldest
Daughter — wife of Uthman
Daughter — wife of Uthman after Ruqayyah
Son — the eldest, passed away in infancy
Son — also called at-Tayyib and at-Tahir
Son — passed away in infancy
Grandson — 5th Caliph
Grandson — martyred at Karbala
The Rightly Guided Caliphs
Abu Bakr as-Siddiq رضي الله عنه
1st Caliph — the closest companion
573–634 CE · 61 years · 632–634 CE
Umar ibn al-Khattab رضي الله عنه
2nd Caliph — Al-Farooq
584–644 CE · 60 years · 634–644 CE
Uthman ibn Affan رضي الله عنه
3rd Caliph — compiler of the mushaf
576–656 CE · 80 years · 644–656 CE
Ali ibn Abi Talib رضي الله عنه
4th Caliph — cousin and son-in-law
601–661 CE · 60 years · 656–661 CE